Begomoviruses genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae have emerged as important plant pathogens in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Mixed infection with different strains of the same virus, and mixed infections with up to three begomovirus species were detected in tomato plants. Begomovirus dna a has six open reading frames orfs. Vegetables play a major role in the livelihoods of the rural poor in africa. Begomoviruses are one of the most interesting plant viruses to study for basic and. Cassava, cassava mosaic begomovirus, cote divoire, multiplexpcr. Analysis of begomovirus and betasatellite sequences. Molecular identification and sequence analysis of tobacco leaf. Temporal and spatial progress of the diseases caused by. Amplify the begomovirus with rca, do a partial digestion with a onecutter. Tobamovirus article about tobamovirus by the free dictionary. Abstract cassava mosaic disease cmd caused by the whiteflytransmitted begomoviruses family geminiviridae is a major threat to production of cassava manihot esculenta crantz. Oct 19, 2017 the bipartite begomoviruses tomato yellow mottle virus, tomato leaf curl sinaloa virus and pepper golden mosaic virus, and the monopartite begomovirus tomato yellow leaf curl virus were detected in the collected samples. The geminiviruses are a family of small, nonenveloped viruses with genomes comprising one or two singlestranded, circular dnas of 2.
Analysis of a new begomovirus unveils a composite element. Tblcv was first identified as a disease on tobacco. Indian journal of biotechnology vol 6, january 2007, pp 4551 molecular characterization of begomovirus infecting sweet pepper in oman akhtar j khan, nadiya a alsaady, madleen s almahruki, muna aloufi and ali m alsubhi department of crop sciences, college of agricultural and marine sciences, sultan qaboos university, p. Begomoviruses are plantinfecting viruses, which are transmitted by the whitefly. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. You just need 2 intergenic regions in the same insert. Mar 06, 2015 media in category begomovirus the following 10 files are in this category, out of 10 total. Begomoviruses are plantinfecting viruses, which are transmitted by the whitefly vector bemisia tabaci and have been known to cause extreme yield. Molecular characterization of begomovirus infecting sweet. Clcuv is exclusively transmitted by the whitefly species b. Fine mapping of a begomovirus resistance gene in tomato. There are currently 424 species in this genus including the type species bean. Begomoviruses are plantinfecting viruses, which are transmitted by the whitefly vector bemisia tabaci and have been known to cause extreme yield reduction in a. Elisa protocol for begomovirus detection page 7 of 8 figure 2.
Ac3 al3 encodes replication enhancer proteins tiendrebeogo et al 2008. Small single stranded circular molecules, alphasatellites and betasatellites, which are about half the size of their helper begomovirus genome, have also been detected in plants infected by begomoviruses. Temporal and spatial progress of the diseases caused by the crinivirus tomato chlorosis virus and the begomovirus tomato severe rugose virus in tomatoes in brazil. This is one of 7 genera in the family geminiviridae. Generation of transgenic tobacco plants expressing cas9. Abutilon brazil virus abutilon golden mosaic virus abutilon mosaic bolivia virus abutilon mosaic brazil virus abutilon mosaic virus african cassava mosaic virus ageratum enation virus ageratum leaf curl cameroon virus ageratum leaf curl virus ageratum yellow vein hualian virus ageratum yellow vein sri lanka virus ageratum yellow vein virus. Geminiviruses family geminiviridae are insect transmitted, small nonenveloped viruses, with circular singlestranded dna genomes, which are encapsidated in quasi.
The sequences for gih902 and gc1432 for this t0302 fragments 792 bp were identical to those of m8218. Ac2 al2 encodes a transcriptionactivator protein trap. Reovirus definition is any of a family reoviridae of doublestranded rna viruses that have a virion with icosahedral structural symmetry but may appear spherical, that have a capsid with one to three concentric protein layers, and that include many plant or animal pathogens such as the rotaviruses and the causative agent of bluetongue. Brown jk1, zerbini fm, navascastillo j, moriones e, ramossobrinho r, silva jc, fialloolive e, briddon rw, hernandezzepeda c, idris a, malathi vg, martin dp, riverabustamante r, ueda s, varsani a. Viral species in the genus begomovirus can be subdivided into the old word begomoviruses, which are widespread in asia, africa and europe consisting of mono and bipartite genomes, and the new. Revision of begomovirus taxonomy based on pairwise sequence comparisons. Based on the analysis of 3,123 fulllength begomovirus genome or dnaa component sequences available in public databases as of december 2012, a set of revised guidelines for the classification and nomenclature of begomoviruses are proposed. Revision of begomovirus taxonomy based on pairwise sequence. Begomovirus, tomato yellow mosaic virustoymv, tobamovirus tobacco mosaic virustmv yo tomato mosaic virustomv, cucumovirus cucumber mosaic virus. Several of them, including viruses, are a major threat to viticulture. Some sentences still need to be changed to improve meaning or english.
The guidelines primarily consider a genuslevel biological characteristics and b results obtained. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyse the diversity and distribution of begomoviruses in commercial tomato and sweet pepper fields. Pdf recently, several begomoviruses genus begomovirus. Geminiviruses are transmitted by various insects in four families of homopterans whiteflies, leafhoppers, aphids and treehoppers. Among major constraints to vegetable production worldwide are diseases caused by a group of viruses belonging to the genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae. Three begomoviruses were detected in both tomato and pepper in the. A lysine residue essential for geminivirus replication also controls. Diversity and interactions of begomoviruses and their. Revision of begomovirus taxonomy based on pairwise sequence comparisons judith k.
Molecular characterization of a begomovirus infecting a new host golden duranta duranta erecta in india avinash marwal, anurag kumar sahu and r. Viruses of the genus begomovirus family geminiviridae are emergent pathogens of crops throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Virology division news revision of begomovirus taxonomy based on pairwise sequence comparisons judith k. Geminiviridae geminiviridae ssdna viruses international. Apr 18, 2015 viruses of the genus begomovirus family geminiviridae are emergent pathogens of crops throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. A geminivirusbased guide rna delivery system for crispr. Abstract cassava mosaic disease cmd caused by the whiteflytransmitted begomoviruses family geminiviridae is a major threat to production of cassava manihot esculenta crantz in cote divoire. These diseases can be a severe problem for tobacco in the tropical and subtropical regions and also in temperate the areas of japan, parts of europe, and the usa. A lineage of begomoviruses encode rep and ac4 proteins of.
Crisprcas system is a twocomponent system and requires cas9 nuclease and a small grna that. Third, the begomovirus genome has the capacity to evolve rapidly via mutation, pseudorecombination, recombination. Codominant scar marker for detection of the begomovirus. Genetic distance and evolutionary analyses support that the detected sequences correspond to a new virus, the first begomovirus reported to infect grapevine, a tentative prototype member of a novel species which we propose the name grapevine begomovirus a gbva. A complex of begomoviruses affecting tomato crops in nicaragua. Accepted and proposed virus species transmitted by whiteflies family geminiviridae genus begomovirus abutilon mosaic virus abmv african cassava mosaic virus acmv ageratum enation virus aev ageratum leaf curl virus alcuv ageratum yellow vein hualian virus ayvhuv ageratum yellow vein sri lanka virus ayvslv ageratum yellow vein virus ayvv. Grapevine, as other crops, is vulnerable to infectious pathogens. Tadahisa higashide 20 nova science publishers, inc. Begomovirus is the only genus of the geminividae family to have a bipartite genome with virus genes resident on two different circular ssdna molecules i. Revision of begomovirus taxonomy based on pairwise sequence comparisons article pdf available in archives of virology 1606 april 2015 with 1,419 reads how we measure reads. Occurrence of a new recombinant begomovirus species. The manuscript was revised according the comments and corrections using the track changes function in microsoft word as indicated. Begomovirus protein rep is responsible for inhibiting host retinoblastoma protein and inducing transition from the g1 to s phase in preparation for virus replication since the virus targets differentiated nondividing cells.
Based upon genome structure, phylogenetic relationships, insect vector and host range, seven genera have been recognized. Occurrence of a new recombinant begomovirus species infecting. Begomoviruses, okra leaf curl disease, whitefly, tomato leaf curl. A subgroup of nw bgvs, the squash leaf curl virus slcv lineage slin, includes viruses with unique characteristics. To get clues on the evolutionary origin of this lineage, a search for divergent members was undertaken. A complex of begomoviruses affecting tomato crops in. An emphasis is placed on the most important begomovirus diseases in brazil.
Begomovirus is the causative agent of leaf curl disease in cotton plants gossypium hirsutum. Biotechnological advancements and begomovirus management in. Mar 17, 2017 despite the importance of okra, as one of the important vegetable crop, very little attention has been paid to its genetic improvement using advanced biotechnological tools. Distribution and diversity of begomoviruses in tomato and sweet. In addition, many monopartite begomoviruses are associated with alphasatellite. Viral species in the genus begomovirus can be subdivided into the old word begomoviruses, which are widespread in asia, africa and europe consisting of mono and bipartite genomes, and the new world begomoviruses, which are prevalent in the americas with only bipartite genomes for the indigenous viruses. Oct, 2019 dont bother to build a partial construct like 1. It differs from the other geminivirus genera in usually having a bipartite genome and because its members are transmitted by whiteflies bemisia spp.
A begomovirus was the suspected causal agent, but it was also noted that the symptoms were unusual with respect to those typically induced by nw begomoviruses, in particular, the absence of mottling, mosaicism, and yellowing. Many studies on development of resistant tobacco lineeminivirus have been dones to g. Molecular characterization of a begomovirus infecting a new. Information and translations of begomovirus in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Worldwide they are responsible for a considerable amount of economic damage to many important crops such as tomatoes, beans, squash, cassava and cotton. Characterization of a new world monopartite begomovirus. The complete genome of isolates from each species was cloned and sequenced. The begomoviruses bgvs are plant pathogens that evolved in the old world during the cretaceous and arrived to the new world nw in the cenozoic era. Jan 24, 20 disease symptoms included stunting and distorted growth, upward curling of leaves, and swelling and purpling of veins. Cllcrv dna a formed a cluster with several tomatoinfecting geminiviruses from brazil, whereas the dna b clustered with eumv from brazil and central america on a separated branch. Elisa prepared using identical samples of tomato and pumpkin to those in figure 1 with monoclonal antibody d2.
Although these viruses were reported during the 1970s in costa rica, they are still poorly known. In nigeria, two distinct begomovirus isolates naturally infecting soybean, designated as sbmmv and sbcbv, were characterized alabi et al. Furthermore, the virus that induced chlorotic spots on soybean leaves in brazil was identified as a novel begomovirus for which socsv name was proposed coco et al. Among these, 49 begomoviruses species are associated with tolcd and 17 with tylcd kings. Begomovirus resistance from the solanum lycopersicumcv. Pdf chilli is a fruit which belongs to capsicum genus plant.
Begomoviruses exhibiting tace spacer sequences identical or similar to the cle core. Fine mapping of a begomovirus resistance gene university. Begomovirus, mastrevirus, curtovirus, topocuvirus, becurtovirus, turncurtovirus and eragrovirus brown et al. Distribution and diversity of begomoviruses in tomato and. The orfs are denoted as being encoded on the virionsense v or complementarysense c strand, preceded by component designation a or b if bipartite bottom. It was also known that begomovirus associated with leaf curl disease in tobacco from jember, east java was different from other indonesian begomoviruses. By virtue of having a small dna genome that is easily cloned, and due to the recent innovations in cloning and lowcost sequencing, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of available begomovirus genome sequences.
This work is thus providing both information and materials which will substantially improve the efficiency with which begomovirus resistance is incorporated into superior germplasm. All sequences contained the six genes typical of monopartite begomoviruses or the dna. Bisaro from a spliced mrna that fuses the l1 and l1 orfs also c1 and c2, which correspond to its amino and carboxyterminal halves, respectively fig. Pdf revision of begomovirus taxonomy based on pairwise. Molecular characterization of begomovirus infecting sweet pepper in oman akhtar j khan, nadiya a alsaady, madleen s almahruki, muna aloufi and ali m alsubhi department of crop sciences, college of agricultural and marine sciences, sultan qaboos university, p. Begomovirus resistance from the cornell university. It is also known as geminivirus subgroup iii or the bean golden mosaic virus group. N2 viruses of the genus begomovirus family geminiviridae are emergent pathogens of crops throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Incidence and distribution of cassava mosaic begomoviruses in.
A new world begomovirus infecting grapevine biorxiv. D2 should react with most known begomoviruses and so should react with tylcv. The diagrams depict the double stranded replicative forms of maize streak virus msv, subgroup i, beet curly top virus bctv, subgroup ii, tomato yellow leaf curl virus tylcv, mono partite, subgroup iii, and tomato golden mosaic virus tgmv, a and b. Suppression of host silencingmediated antiviral defense. By virtue of having a small dna genome that is easily cloned, and due to the recent innovations in cloning and lowcost sequencing, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of. Gaur department of science, faculty of arts, science and commerce, mody institute of technology and science, lakshmangarh, sikar332311, rajasthan, india. The bipartite begomoviruses tomato yellow mottle virus, tomato leaf curl sinaloa virus and pepper golden mosaic virus, and the monopartite begomovirus tomato yellow leaf curl virus were detected in the collected samples. Ac1 al1 encodes the replication initiation protein rep saunders et al 2008. Accepted and proposed virus species transmitted by whiteflies family geminiviridae genus begomovirus abutilon mosaic virus abmv african cassava mosaic virus acmv. It is one of the most spices used for garnishing the dishes. Members of the genus begomovirus are transmitted by whiteflies. They are plant viruses that as a group have a very wide host range, infecting dicotyledonous plants. Slin, includes viruses with unique characteristics. The leaf curl disease in chilli is caused by begomovirus of the.
There are currently 485 species in this family, divided among 9 genera. Abstract begomoviruses genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae have emerged as important plant pathogens in tropical and subtropical. Line 41 plant diseases caused by begomovirus among other rna viruses. Begomovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family geminiviridae. A genus of plant viruses with nonenveloped icosahedral virions containing one molecule of linear, singlestranded, positivesense ribonucleic acid, the type species is southern bean mosaic virus. The exploitation of marker assisted breeding in okra is often limited due to the availability of a few molecular markers, the absence of molecular geneticmaps, and other molecular tools. In nature, geminiviruses are transmitted by phloemfeeding. Revision of begomovirus taxonomy based on pairwise. Disease symptoms included stunting and distorted growth, upward curling of leaves, and swelling and purpling of veins. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyse the diversity and distribution of begomoviruses in commercial tomato and sweet pepper fields from. The family name is derived from the distinctive twinned virions the latin word. Second, population explosions and the expanded geographical range of the invasive polyphagous b biotype of b.
367 913 1124 836 656 1586 1249 107 1437 463 1469 1204 776 642 824 827 752 312 400 515 5 243 1141 1360 465 1478 1177 1056 378 377 483 579 947 1337 397 908